B 89 - 2010-11 (1. samling) - Bilag 2: FN's sikkerhedsrådsresolution 1973

Demanding an immediate ceasefire in Libya, including an end to the current attacks against civilians, which itsaid might constitute “crimes against humanity”, the Security Council this evening imposed a ban on all flights in thecountry’s airspace — a no-fly zone — and tightened sanctions on the Qadhafi regime and its supporters.Adoptingresolution 1973(2011) by a vote of 10 in favour to none against, with 5 abstentions (Brazil, China,Germany, India, Russian Federation), the Council authorized Member States, acting nationally or through regionalorganizations or arrangements, to take all necessary measures to protect civilians under threat of attack in the country,including Benghazi, while excluding a foreign occupation force of any form on any part of Libyan territory —requesting them to immediately inform the Secretary-General of such measures.Recognizing the important role of the League of Arab States in the maintenance of international peace andsecurity in the region, and bearing in mind the United Nations Charter’s Chapter VIII, the Council asked the League’smember States to cooperate with other Member States in implementing the no-fly zone.The Council stressed the need to intensify efforts to find a solution to the crisis that responded to the legitimatedemands of the Libyan people, noting actions being taken on the diplomatic front in that regard. It further demandedthat Libyan authorities comply with their obligations under international law and take all measures to protect civiliansand meet their basic needs and to ensure the rapid and unimpeded passage of humanitarian assistance.In that connection, the Council specified that the flight ban would not apply to flights that had as their solepurpose humanitarian aid, the evacuation of foreign nationals, enforcing the ban or other purposes “deemed necessaryfor the benefit of the Libyan people”.It further decided that all States should deny permission to any Libyan commercial aircraft to land in ortake off from their territory unless a particular flight had been approved in advance by the committee that wasestablished to monitor sanctions imposed by resolution 1970 (2011).In tightening the asset freeze and arms embargo established by that resolution, the Council this evening furtherdetailed conditions for inspections of transport suspected to be violating the embargo, requesting States enforcing theembargo to coordinate closely with each other and the Secretary-General on the measures they were taking towardsimplementation.It requested the Secretary-Secretary to create an eight-member panel of experts to assist the Security Councilcommittee in monitoring the sanctions.Introducing the resolution, the Foreign Minister of France, Alain Juppé, said “the situation on the ground ismore alarming than ever, marked by the violent re-conquest of cities that have been released”. The Security Councilcould not stand by and “let the warmongers flout international legality”. The world was experiencing “a wave of greatrevolutions that would change the course of history”, but the will of the Libyan people had been “trampled under thefeet of the Qadhafi regime”. Earlier Council measures had been ignored and violence against Libyan civilians hadredoubled.He said that the urgent need to protect the civilian population had led to the elaboration of the currentresolution, which authorized the Arab League and those Member States wishing to do so to take all measures to protect

areas that were being threatened by the Qadhafi regime. “We have very little time left — perhaps only a matter ofhours,” he said, adding that each hour and day that passed “increased the weight” on the international community’sshoulders.Speaking after the vote, representatives who had supported the text agreed that the strong action wasmade necessary because the Qadhafi regime had not heeded the first actions of the Council and was on the vergeof even greater violence against civilians as it closed in on areas previously dominated by opposition in the eastof the country. They stressed that the objective was solely to protect civilians from further harm.Lebanon’s speaker stressed that the text would not result in the occupation of “one inch” of Libyanterritory by foreign forces. The representative of the United Kingdom pledged that partners in the North AtlanticTreaty Organization (NATO) and the Arab League were now ready to act to support the text.The representative of the United States said that today, the Council had responded to the Libyanpeoples’ cry for help. The Council’s purpose was clear: to protect Libyan civilians. The Security Council hadauthorized the use of force, including enforcement of a no-fly zone, to protect civilians and civilian areas targetedby Colonel Muammar Al-Qadhafi, his allied forces and mercenaries.The representatives of China and the Russian Federation, explaining their abstentions, prioritized peacefulmeans of resolving the conflict and said that many questions had not been answered in regard to provisions of theresolution, including, as the Russian representative put it, how and by whom the measures would be enforced and whatthe limits of the engagement would be. He said the resolution included a sorely needed ceasefire, which he had calledfor earlier. China had not blocked the action with a negative vote in consideration of the wishes of the Arab League andthe African Union, its representative said.The delegations of India, Germany and Brazil, having also abstained, equally stressed the need for peacefulresolution of the conflict and warned against unintended consequences of armed intervention.Statements were also made made by the representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Colombia, Portugal,Nigeria and South Africa.The meeting was opened at 6:25 p.m. and closed at 7:20 p.m.Action on DraftSpeaking before the vote, ALAIN JUPPÉ, Minister for Foreign Affairs of France, said the world wasexperiencing “a wave of great revolutions that would change the course of history”, as people throughout NorthAfrica and the Middle East were calling for “a breath of fresh air”, for freedom of expression and democracy.Such calls for democratic transition had echoed through Tunisia, Egypt and Morocco. Everyone had witnessed theevents with great hope and he believed “this new Arab springtime is good news for all”. The changes required theinternational community not to “give lessons”, but to help the people of those countries build a new future.Yet, he said, while such transitions in other countries had not been met with extreme violence, the will of theLibyan people had been “trampled under the feet of the Qadhafi regime”, as Colonel Muammar Al-Qadhafi mercilesslyattacked his own people. In light of those actions, the international community had responded swiftly; the GeneralAssembly had suspended the country from the Human Rights Council, determining that the systematic and widespreadattacks could constitute crimes against humanity. In addition, the Security Council’s earlier resolution had called for animmediate end to the violence and had referred the situation in Libya to the International Criminal Court.Unfortunately, those measures had not been enough and violence against Libyan civilians had been redoubled,he said. Again, the international community had acted with unanimity, particularly through the League of Arab States’call on the Security Council to enact a no-fly zone and the African Union’s strong call for an end to the violence. “Yet,the situation on the ground is more alarming than ever, marked by the violent re-conquest of cities that have beenreleased,” he said, stressing that the Security Council could not stand by and “let the warmongers flout internationallegality”.In light of that, France had been working assiduously with the United Kingdom, the United States andother members of the international community calling for means to protect the civilian population. Those effortshad led to the elaboration of the current resolution, which authorized the Arab League and those Member Stateswishing to do so to take all measures to protect areas that were being threatened by the Qadhafi regime. “We

have very little time left — perhaps only a matter of hours,” he said, adding that each hour and day that passed“increased the weight” on the international community’s shoulders. The Security Council had acted to ensurethat democracy prevailed.The Council then adopted resolution 1973 (2011) by a vote of 10 in favour to none against, with 5abstentions (Brazil, China, Germany, India, Russian Federation).NAWAF SALAM (Lebanon) said that Libya was suffering heavily, with hundreds of victims dying andthousands displaced. Faced with those risks and the great danger of those crimes, the United Nations had acted earlier,but Colonel Qadhafi had not heeded those actions. Lebanon, agreeing with the League of Arab States, had then calledon the Security Council to establish measures to protect civilians. The Libyan authorities had lost all their legitimacyand the resolution was aimed at protecting Libyan civilians.He stressed that the resolution would not have as a consequence occupation of “even an inch” of Libyanterritory. He hoped that the resolution would have a deterrent role and end the Libyan authorities’ use of force. Hereaffirmed full support for the county’s sovereignty, the need for full cooperation between the United Nations and theLeague of Arab States, pursuant to Chapter VIII of the United Nations Charter, and the necessity of a peaceful solutionto the situation. The resolution was fraught with hope for Libya and its people, he concluded.MARK LYALL GRANT (United Kingdom), agreeing that the Libyan regime had lost legitimacy, hadviolated the Council’s resolutions and was on the verge of assaulting Benghazi, said he had pressed for the earlyadoption of the current resolution. He pledged that partners in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)and the Arab League were now ready to act to support the text. The resolution put the United Nations clearlybehind the highest values of the Organization.PETER WITTIG (Germany) said the Security Council’s intention was to stop the violence in Libya and send amessage to Colonel Qadhafi and his associates “that their time is over [and] they must relinquish power immediately”.While the Council acted on Libya, North Africa was undergoing major political changes, meriting the internationalcommunity’s full support. The aim should be to promote political transition in Libya, stop the violence and begin a truepolitical process. “The people of Libya who have so clearly expressed their aspirations for democracy should besupported,” he said, adding that the Interim National Council was an important interlocutor in that regard.He said his country was particularly concerned by the plight of the Libyan people and believed it was crucial totighten existing sanctions to “cut [the Libyan regime] off” from the funds that had propped it up for so long. Decisionsregarding the use of military force were always extremely difficult to take. Indeed, in the implementation of theresolution just adopted, Germany saw great risks, and the likelihood of large-scale loss of life should not beunderestimated. Those that participated in its implementation could be drawn into a protracted military conflict thatcould draw in the wider region. If the resolution failed, it would be wrong to assume that any military interventionwould be quickly and efficiently carried out. Germany had decided not to support the resolution and would notcontribute its own forces to any military effort that arose from its implementation. Germany had abstained from thevote.SUSAN RICE (United States) said that today, the Council had responded to the Libyan peoples’ cry for help.The Council’s purpose was clear: to protect Libyan civilians. The Council had adopted an earlier resolution that hadsent a strong message, but Colonel Qadhafi and those that still stood by him had continued to grossly and systematicallyviolate the most fundamental rights of the Libyan people. The Arab League had subsequently called on the Council totake more stringent measures, and the current resolution was an answer to that call, as well as a strong response to thesituation in the ground.She said the Security Council had authorized the use of force, including enforcement of a no-fly zone, toprotect civilians and civilian areas targeted by Colonel Qadhafi, his allied forces and mercenaries. The text alsotightened measures already approved under resolution 1970 (2011). In addition, it established a panel of experts tomonitor short- and long-term implementation of the sanctions. She stressed that the future of Libya should be decidedby the Libyan people. The United States stood with the people of Libya in their struggle to exercise their fundamentalrights.MANJEEV SINGH PURI ( India), explaining his abstention, expressed great concern over the welfare of thepopulation of Libya and supported the appointment of the Secretary-General’s Envoy. The report of that Envoy andthat of others had not yet been received. As a consequence, today’s resolution was based on very little clearinformation, including a lack of certainty regarding who was going to enforce the measures. There must be certainty

that negative outcomes were not likely before such wide-ranging measures were adopted. Political efforts must be thepriority in resolving the situation.MARIA LUIZA RIBERIO VIOTTI (Brazil) said her delegation was deeply concerned about the situation inLibya and regretted that the “strong message” sent by resolution 1970 (2011) had note yet been heeded. The BrazilianGovernment had earlier condemned the violence being carried out by Libyan authorities and had called on them touphold and protect the right of free expression of the protesters and to seek a solution to the crisis through meaningfuldialogue. Her delegation’s vote today should in no way be interpreted as condoning the behaviour of the Libyanauthorities or as disregard for the need to protect civilians and respect for their rights.She said that while Brazil stood in solidarity with all movements in the region expressing their legitimatedemands for better governance, and had taken into account the Arab League’s call for strong measures to stop theviolence through a no-fly zone, it believed that the resolution contemplated measures that went beyond that call. “Weare not convinced that the use of force as provided for in operative paragraph 4 of the present resolution will lead to therealization of our common objective — the immediate end of violence and the protection of civilians,” she said, addingthat Brazil was also concerned that the measures approved today might have the unintended effect of exacerbating thecurrent tensions on the ground and “causing more harm than good to the very same civilians we are committed toprotecting”. No military action alone would succeed in ending the conflict. Protecting civilians, ensuring lastingsettlement and addressing the legitimate demands of Libyan citizens demanded a political process.IVAN BARBALIĆ (Bosniaand Herzegovina) reiterated his delegation’s grave concern about the rapidlydeteriorating situation in Libya. The Libyan people desperately needed humanitarian assistance, and the unimpededaccess of that relief was an absolute necessity. He called on Libyan authorities to end their violence against the Libyanpeople and he believed the resolution was an answer to their legitimate call and to the call of regional organizations.NÉSTOR OSORIO (Colombia) said his delegation was convinced that the purpose of the new resolution wasessentially humanitarian and was conducive to bringing about conditions that would lead to the protection of civiliansunder attack from a regime that had lost all legitimacy. The Council had acted because the Government, through itsactions, had shown that it was not up to protecting and promoting the rights of its people.Colombia deplored the fact that the measures under resolution 1970 (2011) had not been heeded. It was alsoconcerned that the current text had not been adopted unanimously. Colombia believed that the best way to ratchet up thepressure on the Qadhafi regime was to impose a no-fly zone, as called for by the League of Arab States. The gravesituation on the ground made it clear that all conditions were present for the Council to enact further measures andtighten the sanctions approved under resolution 1970 (2011).VITALY CHURKIN (Russian Federation) said he had abstained, although his country’s position opposingviolence against civilians in Libya was clear. Work on the resolution was not in keeping with Security Council practice,with many questions having remained unanswered, including how it would be enforced and by whom, and what thelimits of engagement would be. His country had not prevented the adoption of the resolution, but he was convinced thatan immediate ceasefire was the best way to stop the loss of life. His country, in fact, had pressed earlier for a resolutioncalling for such a ceasefire, which could have saved many additional lives. Cautioning against unpredictedconsequences, he stressed that there was a need to avoid further destabilization in the region.JOSÉ FILIPE MORAES CABRAL (Portugal) said his country had voted in favour of the text because theattacks against civilians had continued after the passage of the last Council resolution, and conditions weredeteriorating. He affirmed that today’s resolution addressed his country’s priorities, including protecting civilians,facilitation of unimpeded humanitarian aid, promotion of a national dialogue and guarantees for the territorial integrityand independence of Libya. He supported all diplomatic efforts to resolve the situation.U. JOY OGWU (Nigeria) said the resolution had been necessitated by the persistently grave and dire situationin Libya. “The current State of affairs leaves an indelible imprint on the conscience and compels us to act,” she said,adding that her delegation’s persistent calls for peace were rooted in the need to ensure the protection of civilians andthe delivery of humanitarian assistance to those most in need, many of whom were Nigerian nationals. The League ofArab States and the African Union had spoken with one voice in condemnation of the situation in Libya.She said that while her delegation had supported the current text, it also believed that foreign occupation wasnot an option to ensure peace. Nigeria supported language in the current text that negated that possibility. Nigeria wasalso encouraged by the fact that the political path to a solution was endorsed in the text. “Today, we have sent anunequivocal message to the Libyan people that the dignity and safety of every man woman and child is paramount,” she

said, adding that when the fate of innocent civilians was in question, the international community, undaunted, must beready to respond.BASO SANGQU (South Africa) said his delegation was deeply concerned by what was fast becoming a civilwar in Libya. He hoped it could be resolved in a peaceful manner, according to the will of the Libyan people. Anysolution must also preserve the solidarity and integrity of Libya and, as such, South Africa supported the dispatch by theAfrican Union of a special mission to the country. He encouraged that mission to work closely with the Secretary-General’s newly appointed Special Envoy on finding a peaceful solution.He said that South Africa regretted that the Council’s previous resolution had not been heeded and believedthat by adopting the current text, the Council had acted responsibly to answer the call of Libyan people. It would alsospeed humanitarian assistance to those that needed it most. He hoped the letter and spirit of the present resolutionwould be implemented in full.Security Council President LI BAODONG (China), speaking in his national capacity, said that the continuingdeterioration of the situation in Libya was of great concern to China. However, the United Nations Charter must berespected and the current crisis must be ended through peaceful means. China was always against the use of force whenthose means were not exhausted. His delegation had asked specific questions that failed to be answered and, therefore,it had serious difficulty with the resolution. It had not blocked the passage of the resolution, however, because itattached great importance to the requests of the Arab League and the African Union. At the same time, he supportedthe efforts of the Secretary-General’s Envoy to resolve the situation by peaceful means.ResolutionThe full text of resolution 1973 (2011) reads as follows:“TheSecurity Council,“Recalling its resolution 1970 (2011) of 26 February 2011,“Deploring the failure of the Libyan authorities to comply with resolution 1970 (2011),“Expressing grave concern at the deteriorating situation, the escalation of violence, and the heavy civiliancasualties,“Reiterating the responsibility of the Libyan authorities to protect the Libyan population andreaffirmingthatparties to armed conflicts bear the primary responsibility to take all feasible steps to ensure the protection of civilians,“Condemning the gross and systematic violation of human rights, including arbitrary detentions, enforceddisappearances, torture and summary executions,“Furthercondemningacts of violence and intimidation committed by the Libyan authorities againstjournalists, media professionals and associated personnel andurgingthese authorities to comply with their obligationsunder international humanitarian law as outlined in resolution 1738 (2006),“Considering that the widespread and systematic attacks currently taking place in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriyaagainst the civilian population may amount to crimes against humanity,“Recalling paragraph 26 of resolution 1970 (2011) in which the Council expressed its readiness to considertaking additional appropriate measures, as necessary, to facilitate and support the return of humanitarian agencies andmake available humanitarian and related assistance in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,“Expressingits determinationto ensure the protection of civilians and civilian populated areas and the rapidand unimpeded passage of humanitarian assistance and the safety of humanitarian personnel,“Recalling the condemnation by the League of Arab States, the African Union and the Secretary-General of theOrganization of the Islamic Conference of the serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian lawthat have been and are being committed in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,

“Takingnoteof the final communiqué of the Organization of the Islamic Conference of 8 March 2011, and thecommuniqué of the Peace and Security Council of the African Union of 10 March 2011 which established an ad hocHigh-Level Committee on Libya,“Takingnote alsoof the decision of the Council of the League of Arab States of 12 March 2011 to call for theimposition of a no-fly zone on Libyan military aviation, and to establish safe areas in places exposed to shelling as aprecautionary measure that allows the protection of the Libyan people and foreign nationals residing in the Libyan ArabJamahiriya,“Takingnote furtherof the Secretary-General’s call on 16 March 2011 for an immediate ceasefire,“Recalling its decision to refer the situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya since 15 February 2011 to theProsecutor of the International Criminal Court, andstressingthat those responsible for or complicit in attacks targetingthe civilian population, including aerial and naval attacks, must be held to account,“Reiteratingits concernat the plight of refugees and foreign workers forced to flee the violence in theLibyan Arab Jamahiriya,welcomingthe response of neighbouring States, in particular Tunisia and Egypt, toaddress the needs of those refugees and foreign workers, andcalling onthe international community to supportthose efforts,“Deploring the continuing use of mercenaries by the Libyan authorities,“Considering that the establishment of a ban on all flights in the airspace of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriyaconstitutes an important element for the protection of civilians as well as the safety of the delivery of humanitarianassistance and a decisive step for the cessation of hostilities in Libya,“Expressingconcernalso for the safety of foreign nationals and their rights in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,“Welcoming the appointment by the Secretary General of his Special Envoy to Libya, Mr. Abdul IlahMohamed Al-Khatib and supporting his efforts to find a sustainable and peaceful solution to the crisis in the LibyanArab Jamahiriya,“Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, territorial integrity and national unity ofthe Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,“Determining that the situation in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya continues to constitute a threat to internationalpeace and security,“Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,“1.Demandsthe immediate establishment of a ceasefire and a complete end to violence and all attacksagainst, and abuses of, civilians;“2.Stressesthe need to intensify efforts to find a solution to the crisis which responds to the legitimatedemands of the Libyan people andnotesthe decisions of the Secretary-General to send his Special Envoy to Libya andof the Peace and Security Council of the African Union to send its ad hoc High-Level Committee to Libya with the aimof facilitating dialogue to lead to the political reforms necessary to find a peaceful and sustainable solution;“3.Demandsthat the Libyan authorities comply with their obligations under international law, includinginternational humanitarian law, human rights and refugee law and take all measures to protect civilians and meet theirbasic needs, and to ensure the rapid and unimpeded passage of humanitarian assistance;“Protectionof civilians“4.AuthorizesMember States that have notified the Secretary-General, acting nationally or through regionalorganizations or arrangements, and acting in cooperation with the Secretary-General, to take all necessary measures,notwithstanding paragraph 9 of resolution 1970 (2011), to protect civilians and civilian populated areas under threat ofattack in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, including Benghazi, while excluding a foreign occupation force of any form onany part of Libyan territory, andrequeststhe Member States concerned to inform the Secretary-General immediately of

the measures they take pursuant to the authorization conferred by this paragraph which shall be immediately reported tothe Security Council;“5.Recognizesthe important role of the League of Arab States in matters relating to the maintenance ofinternational peace and security in the region, and bearing in mind Chapter VIII of the Charter of the United Nations,requests the Member States of the League of Arab States to cooperate with other Member States in the implementationof paragraph 4;“No-flyzone“6.Decidesto establish a ban on all flights in the airspace of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya in order to helpprotect civilians;“7.Decides furtherthat the ban imposed by paragraph 6 shall not apply to flights whose sole purposeis humanitarian, such as delivering or facilitating the delivery of assistance, including medical supplies, food,humanitarian workers and related assistance, or evacuating foreign nationals from the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,nor shall it apply to flights authorised by paragraphs 4 or 8, nor other flights which are deemed necessary byStates acting under the authorization conferred in paragraph 8 to be for the benefit of the Libyan people, and thatthese flights shall be coordinated with any mechanism established under paragraph 8;“8.AuthorizesMember States that have notified the Secretary-General and the Secretary-General of theLeague of Arab States, acting nationally or through regional organizations or arrangements, to take all necessarymeasures to enforce compliance with the ban on flights imposed by paragraph 6 above, as necessary, andrequeststheStates concerned in cooperation with the League of Arab States to coordinate closely with the Secretary General on themeasures they are taking to implement this ban, including by establishing an appropriate mechanism for implementingthe provisions of paragraphs 6 and 7 above,“9.Calls uponall Member States, acting nationally or through regional organizations or arrangements, toprovide assistance, including any necessary overflight approvals, for the purposes of implementing paragraphs 4, 6, 7and 8 above;“10.Requeststhe Member States concerned to coordinate closely with each other and the Secretary-Generalon the measures they are taking to implement paragraphs 4, 6, 7 and 8 above, including practical measures for themonitoring and approval of authorised humanitarian or evacuation flights;“11.Decidesthat the Member States concerned shall inform the Secretary-General and the Secretary-Generalof the League of Arab States immediately of measures taken in exercise of the authority conferred by paragraph 8above, including to supply a concept of operations;“12.Requeststhe Secretary-General to inform the Council immediately of any actions taken by the MemberStates concerned in exercise of the authority conferred by paragraph 8 above and to report to the Council within 7 daysand every month thereafter on the implementation of this resolution, including information on any violations of theflight ban imposed by paragraph 6 above;“Enforcementof the arms embargo“13.Decides thatparagraph 11 of resolution 1970 (2011) shall be replaced by the following paragraph :“Calls upon all Member States, in particular States of the region, acting nationally or through regionalorganisations or arrangements, in order to ensure strict implementation of the arms embargo established byparagraphs 9 and 10 of resolution 1970 (2011), to inspect in their territory, including seaports and airports, and onthe high seas, vessels and aircraft bound to or from the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, if the State concerned hasinformation that provides reasonable grounds to believe that the cargo contains items the supply, sale, transfer orexport of which is prohibited by paragraphs 9 or 10 of resolution 1970 (2011) as modified by this resolution,including the provision of armed mercenary personnel,calls uponall flag States of such vessels and aircraft tocooperate with such inspections and authorises Member States to use all measures commensurate to the specificcircumstances to carry out such inspections”;“14.RequestsMember States which are taking action under paragraph 13 above on the high seas tocoordinate closely with each other and the Secretary-General andfurther requeststhe States concerned to inform

the Secretary-General and the Committee established pursuant to paragraph 24 of resolution 1970 (2011) (“theCommittee”) immediately of measures taken in the exercise of the authority conferred by paragraph 13 above;“15.Requiresany Member State whether acting nationally or through regional organisations or arrangements,when it undertakes an inspection pursuant to paragraph 13 above, to submit promptly an initial written report to theCommittee containing, in particular, explanation of the grounds for the inspection, the results of such inspection, andwhether or not cooperation was provided, and, if prohibited items for transfer are found, further requires such MemberStates to submit to the Committee, at a later stage, a subsequent written report containing relevant details on theinspection, seizure, and disposal, and relevant details of the transfer, including a description of the items, their originand intended destination, if this information is not in the initial report;“16.Deploresthe continuing flows of mercenaries into the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya andcalls uponallMember States to comply strictly with their obligations under paragraph 9 of resolution 1970 (2011) to prevent theprovision of armed mercenary personnel to the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya;“Banon flights“17.Decidesthat all States shall deny permission to any aircraft registered in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriyaor owned or operated by Libyan nationals or companies to take off from, land in or overfly their territory unless theparticular flight has been approved in advance by the Committee, or in the case of an emergency landing;“18.Decides thatall States shall deny permission to any aircraft to take off from, land in or overfly theirterritory, if they have information that provides reasonable grounds to believe that the aircraft contains items the supply,sale, transfer, or export of which is prohibited by paragraphs 9 and 10 of resolution 1970 (2011) as modified by thisresolution, including the provision of armed mercenary personnel, except in the case of an emergency landing;“Assetfreeze“19.Decidesthat the asset freeze imposed by paragraph 17, 19, 20 and 21 of resolution 1970 (2011) shallapply to all funds, other financial assets and economic resources which are on their territories, which are owned orcontrolled, directly or indirectly, by the Libyan authorities, as designated by the Committee, or by individuals or entitiesacting on their behalf or at their direction, or by entities owned or controlled by them, as designated by the Committee,anddecides furtherthat all States shall ensure that any funds, financial assets or economic resources are prevented frombeing made available by their nationals or by any individuals or entities within their territories, to or for the benefit ofthe Libyan authorities, as designated by the Committee, or individuals or entities acting on their behalf or at theirdirection, or entities owned or controlled by them, as designated by the Committee, and directs the Committee todesignate such Libyan authorities, individuals or entities within 30 days of the date of the adoption of this resolutionand as appropriate thereafter;“20.Affirmsits determination to ensure that assets frozen pursuant to paragraph 17 of resolution 1970(2011) shall, at a later stage, as soon as possible be made available to and for the benefit of the people of theLibyan Arab Jamahiriya;“21.Decidesthat all States shall require their nationals, persons subject to their jurisdiction and firmsincorporated in their territory or subject to their jurisdiction to exercise vigilance when doing business with entitiesincorporated in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya or subject to its jurisdiction, and any individuals or entities acting on theirbehalf or at their direction, and entities owned or controlled by them, if the States have information that providesreasonable grounds to believe that such business could contribute to violence and use of force against civilians;“Designations“22.Decidesthat the individuals listed in Annex I shall be subject to the travel restrictions imposed inparagraphs 15 and 16 of resolution 1970 (2011), anddecidesfurther that the individuals and entities listed in Annex IIshall be subject to the asset freeze imposed in paragraphs 17, 19, 20 and 21 of resolution 1970 (2011);“23.Decidesthat the measures specified in paragraphs 15, 16, 17, 19, 20 and 21 of resolution 1970 (2011)shall apply also to individuals and entities determined by the Council or the Committee to have violated the provisionsof resolution 1970 (2011), particularly paragraphs 9 and 10 thereof, or to have assisted others in doing so;“Panelof Experts

“24.Requeststhe Secretary-General to create for an initial period of one year, in consultation with theCommittee, a group of up to eight experts (“Panel of Experts”), under the direction of the Committee to carry outthe following tasks:(a) Assist the Committee in carrying out its mandate as specified in paragraph 24 of resolution 1970 (2011)and this resolution;(b) Gather, examine and analyse information from States, relevant United Nations bodies, regionalorganisations and other interested parties regarding the implementation of the measures decided in resolution 1970(2011) and this resolution, in particular incidents of non-compliance;(c) Make recommendations on actions the Council, or the Committee or State, may consider to improveimplementation of the relevant measures;(d) Provide to the Council an interim report on its work no later than 90 days after the Panel’s appointment,and a final report to the Council no later than 30 days prior to the termination of its mandate with its findings andrecommendations;“25.Urgesall States, relevant United Nations bodies and other interested parties, to cooperate fully with theCommittee and the Panel of Experts, in particular by supplying any information at their disposal on the implementationof the measures decided in resolution 1970 (2011) and this resolution, in particular incidents of non-compliance;“26.Decidesthat the mandate of the Committee as set out in paragraph 24 of resolution 1970 (2011)shall also apply to the measures decided in this resolution;“27.Decidesthat all States, including the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, shall take the necessary measures toensure that no claim shall lie at the instance of the Libyan authorities, or of any person or body in the Libyan ArabJamahiriya, or of any person claiming through or for the benefit of any such person or body, in connection withany contract or other transaction where its performance was affected by reason of the measures taken by theSecurity Council in resolution 1970 (2011), this resolution and related resolutions;“28.Reaffirmsits intention to keep the actions of the Libyan authorities under continuous review andunderlines its readiness to review at any time the measures imposed by this resolution and resolution 1970 (2011),including by strengthening, suspending or lifting those measures, as appropriate, based on compliance by theLibyan authorities with this resolution and resolution 1970 (2011);“29.Decidesto remain actively seized of the matter.”Libya: United Nations Security Council proposed designationsNumber NameAnnex I: Travel Ban1QUREN SALIH QURENAL QADHAFIJustificationLibyan Ambassador to Chad. Hasleft Chad for Sabha. Involveddirectly in recruiting andcoordinating mercenaries for theregime.Governor of Ghat (South Libya).Directly involved in recruitingmercenaries.Position: Director, ExternalSecurity OrganisationPosition: Defence MinisterPosition: Secretary for UtilitiesSon of Muammar Qadhafi.Closeness of association withregimeIdentifiers

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